Rooms Division Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Rooms Division - Assignment Example This examination centers around room division tasks regarding Nadler Soho, which is a deliberately found inn off Oxford Street. The Tottenham Court Tube Station is arranged 400 meters from the inn while the British Museum is under 1 kilometer away. In the area are a few bars and cafés. The Nadler Soho offers best in class settlement offices including very much planned rooms introduced with Wi-Fi for visitors, worldwide computerized papers and a LED TV. The rooms include present day shower rooms and a hair drier to guarantee maximal comfort. Visitors are likewise furnished with a little food pantry and a PC. There are a lot of enactment in the UK that straightforwardly impact the room tasks for lodgings in the UK. The law of social equality necessitates that debilitated individuals be dealt with similarly as different visitors. Access to rooms must be given similarly and inclines must be worked for use by individuals with incapacities. Latrines ought to likewise be handicap agreeable among different parts of the room division. The balance demonstration is against separation of any sort including handicap, sex, conjugal status, race, religion and sexual direction among other social perspectives that are inclined to segregation (Clark and Chen, 2007). The fire security guidelines of 1988 require room division to ensure wellbeing for visitors and representatives. Fire exits must be obviously checked and satisfactory data gave to the visitor if there should be an occurrence of a fire flare-up. All such exists are required to open outwards to amplify effectiveness of exit in the event of fire. Putting out fires gear should be introduced and stamped plainly. Fire retardant furniture and fittings are a legal necessity. Fire drills are required routinely to evaluate the adequacy of reaction to fire mishaps. Visitors ought not be presented to wellbeing risks, for example, electric shock, falling flotsam and jetsam and falls among other wellbeing perils. Gas Safety

History of Naxalism free essay sample

History of Naxalism It is said that Naxalism is one of the association of forceful socialists. As such it is additionally called CPI (MAOIST ) . After Indian autonomy in 1947 the socialist radical began outfitted brutality exercises first time in 1948 but since of absence of open help the development couldnt get speed. This Naxalites socialists consistently keep profound conviction on brutality. From the earliest starting point they had begun submitting brutality by utilizing Arms. Naxalites embraced the method of furnished savagery progressive exercises from the Village Naxalbari in the region Darjeeling n West Bengal in the year 1967 against misuse done by Zamidar and Rich men upon specific individuals of the general public. Under the administration of progressive pioneer Charu MaJumdar the naxalites expanded the brutality radically. Around then the point of the naxalites was to accomplish intensity of the state by savage upheaval. They used to compel the nearby individuals for decrease of land income charge and so forth. We will compose a custom paper test on History of Naxalism or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Entirely the year 1967 their progressive exercises and fierce exercises began from the town Naxalbari, subsequently it is called Naxalism and the supporters are called naxalites. Simultaneously the forceful socialist viciousness exercises again began in the Sri Kakvlam zone of Andhra Pradesh. Anyway in Tribal territories the naxalism stay alive. In interim the initiative was taken over by Shri Chandrapulla Reddy, who left the fierce method of development and chose to do brutality when fundamental, however he also couldn't succeed. In 1975 after crisis the naxalites framed another gathering under administration of Shri Kondapalli Sitaramaiya called C. P. I. M. L. People groups War Group. By this gathering no work was done in Democratic manner and indicated no-confidence in overnment framework. The gathering likewise took joblessness, financially in reverse zones as mode for their exposure. For this work, the association isolated in the regions and as indicated by the zone Dalam developed. People groups War Group boss Kodapalli Sitarmaiya has included the motto of autonomous Dandkaranya in the entirety of his mottos. The P. W. G. association announced to incorporate Garhacharoli of Maharastra, Mahbub Nagar, Karim Nagar, Adilabad, Warangal of Andhra Pradesh,Korapur , Khampit Kalahandi of Orissa , Balaghat Jabalpur of Madhya Pradesh in free Dandkaranya. The ain inhabitants of these territories are tribals, little ranchers workers. With their plan to shape free Dandakaranya they stretched out their exercises to Balaghat, Bastar Jagdalpur. History of Naxalite exercises in the area Balaghat Naxalites entered Balaghat from RaJnandgaon fringe in M. P. what's more, from Bhandara fringe in Maharastra. In Balaghat and Rajnandgaon region there are predominantly inborn towns and residents are of Gond Baiga clan. The towns secured by naxalites are situated in thick woodland zone where the correspondence and transportation offices are very oor. The District has a thick backwoods territory and an extreme landscape. The Gond and Baiga individuals of these towns used to go for bamboo slicing and other work to Chanda locale of Maharastra and Bastar region of M. P. in the process they came in contact with naxalites who were dynamic there. First time on 5/111990 the naxalites exercises came into picture from the fringe towns of Balaghat. It is said that naxalites went into Balaghat from the town Adari Thana Salekasa of Maharastra state. assumed name Bawanna. Absolute 9 male radical were there in this Dalam. The Gang was jested with rifles and different arms. In the wake of accepting data the Police began pre-arranged activity against them.

The Stages of Sigmunds Freud Theory of Psychosexual Development Essay Example

The Stages of Sigmunds Freud Theory of Psychosexual Development Paper THE STAGES OF SIGMUND FREUDS THEORY OF PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT INTRODUCTION Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) was a Viennese doctor, prepared in nervous system science that can be considered as the most compelling of the psychodynamic scholars. He made a totally new point of view on the investigation of human conduct, concentrating on the oblivious nature and inclinations as opposed to the cognizant (Morris ; Maisto, 1998). Freud focused on that human instinct depended more on want than reason and ones past encounters just like the significant determinants of future conduct and character improvement. Character DEVELOPMENT Turner Helms 1995 blueprints that Freud conceived a hypothesis of character that can be applied to the conduct of both kid and grown-up. Freud speculated that there are three pieces of character, the ID, EGO and SUPEREGO. They become coordinated through an arrangement of stages. The ID is the wellspring of essential biologic needs and wants. As laid out by Atkinson et al 2000, the id is an oblivious drive and works as indicated by the joy of libertine guideline which means acquiring prompt delight and staying away from torment at all expense. The ids power works at the oblivious level and drives the person to want moment delight. The EGO is the cognizant reasonable piece of character that develops in early earliest stages to coordinate the id’s driving forces at adequate occasions and places to proper items. Freud hypothesizes that the sense of self exists exclusively to satisfy the points of the id however that conscience development creates as a methods for controlling the ids requests. The self image works by the, utilizing savvy thinking, it defers fulfilling the id’s wants until it can do so securely. Morris ; Maisto 1998) The SUPEREGO is the focal point of ethical quality and heart which creates from cooperation with guardians and the requests of society, and through the sense of self confronting the errand of accommodating the requests of the id, the outside condition and with the interior superego. The superego goes about as an inner limitation and good manual for the id and conscience. Atkinson et a l 2000 depicts the superego ‘as the disguised delegate of the qualities and ethics of society and includes the people cognizant just as the picture of the ethically perfect individual or the EGO IDEAL’. Berk 2009 ocuments that as indicated by Freud the relationship built up between the id, inner self and superego during early improvement decides the individual’s fundamental character. Strife between the id, self image and superego causes uneasiness and strain. The inner self lightens these stressors by either deliberately or unwittingly making defensive gadgets called guards components. PSYCHOSEXUAL THEORY OF DEVELOPMENT Morris ; Maisto 1998 sketched out that while treating his grown-up patients Freud saw that various them had physical inabilities and apprehensive manifestations with no proof of genuine physical debilitation. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Stages of Sigmunds Freud Theory of Psychosexual Development explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on The Stages of Sigmunds Freud Theory of Psychosexual Development explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on The Stages of Sigmunds Freud Theory of Psychosexual Development explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer He noticed that through sleep inducing treatment when these grown-ups spoke uninhibitedly about agonizing youth occasions it liberated them of such issues as loss of motion and mind flights. Utilizing these recollections he inspected the oblivious inspiration of his grown-up patients and built his PSYCHOSEXUAL THEORY OF DEVELOPMENT (Berk 2000). Freud, in his psychosexual hypothesis expresses that babies and youngsters experience sexual emotions, in spite of the fact that not as a grown-up would for intercourse but instead for delight, love and satisfaction. Sexual sense or EROS applies a power or vitality referred to as LIBIDO which is depicted as an oblivious, intuitive sex drive (Bee 2000). The libidinal vitality and sexual driving forces move their concentration from the oral to butt-centric then genital locales of the body as the kid develops; and speaks to another phase in psychosexual improvement as far as character. The fundamental focal point of Freud’s hypothesis underlines that the techniques guardians use to deal with their child’s sexual and forceful drives in early stages are significant for sound character improvement. It featured the significance of familial connections for youngster improvement and focused on the developmental job of early understanding. Honey bee 2000 layouts that these stages are finished in a foreordained arrangement bringing about progress and a solid character or disappointment prompting a ‘fixation’ which is the distraction with a specific stage that causes bending or disturbance of advancement bringing about an undesirable character. The three phase of improvement are: * The Oral Stage * The Anal Stage * The Phallic Stage * The Latency Stage * The Genital Stage The Oral Stage This stage happens from birth to eighteen months and the erogenous zone is the mouth, with the youngster picking up joy from sucking and gnawing, the two of which are oral exercises. The id is currently guiding all its focus toward getting joy. The formative assignment of this stage is weaning and building up a feeling of freedom (Bee 2000). Over satisfaction or under incitement during this stage may prompt an obsession. Whenever focused the youngster could build up an oral character, showed by a distraction with oral exercises, for example, smoking, gorging, nail gnawing or gum biting. Distinctively they become excessively reliant upon others, guileless and are ceaseless supporters; then again they may create cynicism and animosity (Feldman 2005). The Anal Stage This stage extends from eighteen months to three years and the moxie is presently appended to the butt-centric cavity and rump matching with the time of latrine preparing. The kid and id gain fulfillment and joy from either ousting or retaining dung. The self image must advance in to show the kid the proper approaches to control these inclinations. They build up an interest with their discharges, taking a gander at it or in any event, playing with it. On the off chance that the grown-up communicates thoughts this is â€Å"messy† or â€Å"bad†, the youngster will thus feel that he/she is terrible. Turner ; Helms 1995 states that the way where guardians direct latrine preparing particularly the utilization of discipline and rewards can cause certain character characteristics later. On the off chance that the parent is excessively permissive and defers latrine preparing or permits the kid to discharge vindictively this may prompt arrangement of a butt-centric expulsive character. This individual is commonly chaotic, crazy, imprudent, resistant and disordered (Berk 2009). Berk 2009 states that on the other hand, if latrine preparing is constrained or the parent is excessively severe and rebuffs the youngster reliably for minor mishaps, an overbearing character creates. This character type is perfect, exact, organized, cautious, parsimonious, persistent and careful, yet in addition be latently forceful. The Phallic Stage This stage is the most essential sexual clash in Freud’s model of advancement, happening somewhere in the range of three and five years. The moxie is presently associated with the sexual organs and both genders gain joy from controlling and petting their private parts (Turner ; Helms 1995). Youngsters create interest towards the other gender. This stage matches with social improvement including impersonation, sexual orientation job advancement and recognizable proof; for the most part during preschool cooperation. The kid encounters sexual emotions toward the other gender parent and wish to be freed of the equivalent sex parent so they may have the other gender parent to his/herself. This is recognized as the OEDIPUS CONFLICT in young men and the ELECTRA CONFLICT in young ladies. Kids settle this contention by figuring out how to relate to the equivalent sex parent. Young men dread â€Å"castration† by their dads for these sexual inclination towards their moms. Thusly they create ‘castration anxiety’ and will subdue these emotions to dodge discipline and lessen nervousness. The young men attempt to copy their dad in a procedure known as distinguishing proof (Bee 2000). Atkinson et al 2000 characterizes distinguishing proof as â€Å"internalizing an admired impression of his father’s perspectives and values†. The young men become less restless and build up their father’s attributes and qualities. On the off chance that goals of this contention isn't certain young men will loathe their dads and sum up this hatred to power figures in adulthood. Young ladies create â€Å"penis envy† and feel cheated (Turner ; Helms 1995); fault is set on the mother as she also has no penis and sexual connection to the dad. The mother is currently observed as rivalry for their father’s warmth. For goals of this stage their fascination must be stopped, young ladies try to subdue these inclination and relate to their moms. A solid bond may even now stay between the young lady and her dad and the young lady will in general look for a spouse with attributes and qualities like her dad. On the off chance that these sentiments are uncertain, it might prompt the young lady turning out to be either a powerless accommodating lady with an unbound character or a solid, surprisingly alluring female. The ID procedure is basic. It implies that the superego has completely evolved. The connection between the id, conscience and superego right now decides the child’s essential character direction. For both genders obsession at this stage can bring about a phallic character, one who is careless, confident, unflinching and narcissistic, being unreasonably vain and glad. This character is apprehensive or unequipped for close love and friendship. Obsession can bring about sexual deviances, both overindulgence and evasion, with a frail or befuddled sexua

The Great Gatsby and the Decline of the American Dream - Literature Essay Samples

F. Scott Fitzgerald explores the decline of the American Dream in one of his most famous novels, The Great Gatsby. Although this book only takes place over a few months, it represents the entire time period of the 1920s, in which society, mainly on the East Coast, sees the decay of the American Dream. What once was the idea of hard work and prosperity becomes perverted idealism and pathetic optimism. In this novel, Gatsby and other characters represent the corrupt American Dream. When Gatsby’s real past has been revealed, it seems as though he embodies the American Dream. Once a young fisherman and clam digger, he becomes a self-made wealthy man through hard work, despite being the son of unsuccessful parents. Nick states, â€Å"His parents were shiftless and unsuccessful farm people- his imagination had never really accepted them as his parents at all† (104). The fact that Gatsby has achieved more than his parents is one definition of the American Dream. He also ha s a mentor, Dan Cody, who influences Gatsby at a young age. Cody himself is a self-made millionaire. As Nick explains, â€Å"Cody was fifty years old then, a product of the Nevada silver fields, of the Yukon, of every rush for metal since Seventy-five. The transactions in Montana copper that made him many times a millionaire found him physically robust†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (105). Living on Cody’s expensive yacht, Gatsby becomes accustomed to the luxurious lifestyle of the rich and dedicates himself to become a wealthy, successful man. Gatsby’s dream, however, becomes corrupt. He uses â€Å"get-rich-quick† schemes and throws outlandish and over-the-top parties to get the attention of his love, Daisy. It is even intimated that he sells grain alcohol over the counter. Tom states, â€Å"I found out what your ‘drug stores’ were. He and this Wolfshiem bought up a lot of side-street drug stores here and in Chicago and sold grain alcohol over the counter. Tha t’s one of his little stunts. I picked him for a bootlegger the first time I saw him and I wasn’t far wrong† (141). Gatsby simply replies, â€Å"What about it?† (141). Gatsby also is connected with other illegal activities and gambling. Gatsby wants Daisy so badly that he once was willing to give up his noble dreams for money and material possessions. His idealism, however, becomes perverted. The desire for personal happiness and individualism is no longer the American Dream; it has been consumed by materials and pleasures. Gatsby drives around in his Rolls-Royce, shows off his many expensive shirts, and lives in an obscenely huge mansion, but all of these objects are completely unnecessary and obviously do not make him happy. Nick describes the time when Gatsby shows off his shirts:â€Å"He took out a pile of shirts and began throwing them one by one before us, shirts of sheer linen and thick silk and fine flannel which lost their folds as they fell and covered the table. While we admired he brought out more and the soft rich heap mounted higher.† â€Å"I’ve got a man in England who buys me clothes. He sends over a selection of things at the beginning of each season, spring and fall, Gatsby says (97).Gatsby is simply flaunting his wealth in an attempt to attract Daisy. The parties that Gatsby throws are completely â€Å"empty†. Many people show up to these parties, but all of them do it for themselves and their meaningless pursuits of pleasure. Nick explains the parties that Gatsby has. He says, â€Å"†¦the cars from New York are parked five deep in the drive, and already the halls and salons and verandas are gaudy with primary colors†¦The bar is in full swing and floating rounds of cocktails permeate the garden outside until the air is alive with chatter and laughter and casual innuendo and introductions forgotten on the spot and enthusiastic meetings betwe en women who never knew each other’s names† (44).These people are fake, greedy, and hollow. They do not really care about Gatsby or each other, but rather come just because they can. Again, they are pursuing material possessions and cheap pleasure. In fact, they do not even show up to Gatsby’s funeral. Nick and Owl Eyes discuss this at Gatsby’s grave. â€Å"I couldn’t get to the house.† [Owl Eyes states] â€Å"Neither could anybody else.† â€Å"Go on! Why, my God! They used to go there by the hundreds. The poor son-of-a-bitch.†Their idealisms are perverted, and their actions are immoral. The parties that Gatsby throws only worsen these morals and idealisms. Morality is not the only value that has gone astray in this novel. Gatsby’s optimism is corrupt as well. He has the unobtainable goal of winning Daisy over. He puts her on a pedestal and idealizes her, even though she is not worthy of Gatsby’s attention. The obj ect of Gatsby’s dream (Daisy) is unworthy, just like the objects of the corrupted American Dream (pleasure and money) are unworthy. Nick tries to explain this to him by saying, â€Å"They’re a rotten crowd. You’re worth the whole damn bunch put together† (162). Because Gatsby cannot earn Daisys love, he is forced to earn all of his money illegally in order to impress her. Yet because of their different social statuses, he cannot reach this goal. Social status is another example of the dreams corruption. Residents on West Egg, including Gatsby, cannot win the affection of the residents of East Egg. Even though people living in West Egg have made their own money themselves and worked hard to do so, they have not gained the respect of East Egg, whose residents have old money. Gatsby thinks that he can break the barrier between the two classes, but in reality, it is impossible. He tries to bring back the past, when his dream had value. He says, â€Å"Canâ €™t repeat the past? Why of course you can!† (116). Gatsby dedicates his whole life to this illusion of a dream, and when he finally realizes it is impossible, there is nothing left to do but die. Nick narrates, â€Å"He had paid a high price for living too long with a single dream. A new world, material without being real, where poor ghosts, breathing dreams like air, drifted fortuitously about†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (169). His dream is impossible and cannot bring happiness to him, and, therefore, is an illusion. Gatsby is not the only character in this book to represent the perversion of the American Dream. His partner and accomplice, Meyer Wolfsheim, is involved in all sorts of illegal activities in order to gain his wealth. Gatsby says, â€Å"He’s a gambler. He’s the man who fixed the World’s Series back in 1919† (78). Jordan Baker is another example. Nick says, â€Å"There was a row that nearly reached the newspapers- a suggestion that she had mov ed her ball from a bad lie in the semi-final round† (62). Both of these characters have done illegal and unfair things to gain their accomplishments. This is certainly not a part of the traditional view of the American Dream, where hard work will accomplish anything. When most people first read The Great Gatsby, they think it is a love story between Gatsby and Daisy. After more thought and reading, it becomes clear that Fitzgerald is trying to convey a larger message. It is that in the 1920s, the traditional American Dream was taken over by the extreme desire for money and pleasure. The American dream had become a perverted idealism and a pathetic optimism. People during this time ambitiously chased unobtainable goals, and many were left in despair. There is much more to the â€Å"Jazz Age† than flapper girls and illegal alcohol. Americans started to see the decay of the American Dream.

A Presentation Of The Special Operation - 2032 Words

This is a presentation of the Special Operation (SO) Imperatives displayed in character situations within The Ugly American. I have also compared and contrasted my personal experiences with these situations. Throughout this process, I analyzed and assessed not only the similarities and differences between the character situations and the SO Imperatives, but I evaluated and chose experiences that meant something to my development as a man and Green Beret. As a man who believes in being authentic, I reflected on my deployment experiences in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Qatar to analyze my choices. I call this presentation my â€Å"growth through experience† because I will never develop into the man I want to be unless I develop into the man I need to be. My main topics will center around three situations in the book. The first topic will center on Ruth Jyoti as she speaks to Joseph Rivers about U.S. foreign policy in Setkya. The second topic will center on Ambassador Macwhites’ discussion with the Honorable Li Pang. The third topic will center on the Martin family when U Maung Swe spoke about improving the prestige of America in Southeast Asia. I will use my experiences of my times in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Qatar as examples. Although every instance of this book can derive from understanding or not understanding the operational environment, my points will explore how my team and I applied them in modern operations. Ruth Jyoti had the uncanny ability to understand the application ofShow MoreRelatedA Case Study of Wegmans Food Markets1115 Words   |  5 Pageswhat it does that grocery chains all over the country send representatives to Wegmans for a firsthand look at operations. SUPERSTORES Many of the company’s stores are giant 100,000 square foot superstores, double or triple the size of average supermarkets. A superstore typically employs from 500 to 600 people. Individual stores differ somewhat in terms of actual size and some special features. Aside from the features normally found in supermarkets, they generally have a large bakery Section (eachRead MoreNew Traffic Operations Policies And Guidelines1319 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ Currently, I am on a six-month temporary assignment working closely with the Maintenance Team, representing the Division in a meticulous review of new Traffic Operations Policies and Guidelines, and their effects on maintenance to streamline the process between the two Divisions.. †¢ I am working on several HQ maintenance deliverables that include drafting two contracts for asset collection and a statewide book that captures all the lane closure charts to help maintenance optimize their work scheduleRead MoreSelling Software For Healthcare And Medical Services1493 Words   |  6 Pagesconcept to the hospitals of India. 1. Presentation: We are planning to adopt the presentation technique. Because through the presentation, the prospects will come to know about the features and benefits of the software. However, the proper demonstration will be made through this process, to gain the commitment of the prospects. 2. Involvement in Radio program: Radio is a prominent tool through which, we can target to the mass market. The company will hold special programs in Radio so that buyers canRead MoreEducation in Emergency: Role of the Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Discretionary Grant Program656 Words   |  3 Pagesand the ShakeMap is a companion product that generates a map showing the extent and distribution of the earthquake tremors. ShakeCast supports the work of emergency management personnel, and those responsible for individual school facilities and operations, in the initial building inspection activities during the aftermath of earthquakes. 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For example, they may create spreadsheets, presentations, documents and reports. They may also be asked to purchase equipment and supplies, correspond with vendors and oversee areas such as libraries or stockrooms. Administrative Assistant Job Description Definition: Working under the supervisionRead MoreTechnical Knowledge Of The Maintenance Division1409 Words   |  6 Pagesreview the new Traffic Operations Policies and Guidelines, and their effects on The Maintenance Division. †¢ I am working on several HQ maintenance deliverables that include drafting two A E contracts for asset collection and a statewide book that captures all the lane closure charts to help maintenance optimize their work schedule. †¢ As the Branch Chief of Traffic Design, I partnered with the Maintenance Division on testing TYPE XI Sheeting and co-writing the new Traffic Operations Policy Directive (TOPD)Read MoreEssay on Johnsons War: The Domino Effect1031 Words   |  5 PagesEurope and elsewhere. President Truman’s successors continued to make the vow that they would do whatever it took to stop the spread of communism and prevent the â€Å"domino effect.† President John F Kennedy increased the number of military advisors and Special Forces in South Vietnam but President Johnson made the decision to engage in full warfare in the region. Because Johnson decided to engage in full warfare, it is fair and truthful to dub the Vietnam conflict, â€Å"Johnson’s War.† After President Johnson

Christianity And Buddhism And Christianity - 1468 Words

Christianity and Buddhism exist as two of the predominant religions throughout the world. While Buddhism ranks around fifth in number of followers of religions, it is the third most widespread religion behind Christianity and Islam. Buddhism and Christianity are arrantly distinct in their principle standpoints: Buddhism rejects the existence of a greater being and Christianity proudly professes the power of a universal God. However, despite this rigid dissimilarity, both religions developed and spread with akin practices and messages due to their analogous founders, mother religions with like social significance, and approachable and appealing doctrine. Despite living both centuries and untraveled miles apart, Gautama Buddha, the founding†¦show more content†¦And, although the Buddha never claimed divinity, his followers certainly consider him to be above ordinary mortals and often recognize him to be divine. Although Buddha and Jesus’ honor when separate from religion and divinity command respect for their lives, it is their followers’ belief in their divinity that has allowed for the widespread expansion of Buddhism and Christianity. During their lives, Gautama Buddha and Jesus Christ made decisive impacts on many people; however, their followers’ dedication after their deaths is the basis for their lasting impacts. Because the followers stood firm in insisting the legitimacy of the merit and divinity of Gautama Buddha and Jesus, they either truly performed miracles or effectively orchestrated actions that appeared extraordinary. Among other miraculous events, Buddha’s followers claim witness to the â€Å"Mahapatihariya (‘Great Miracle’) in which the Buddha multiplied himself many times over.† (PAGE 116). Jesus’ disciples testify on his healing blindness, raising the dead, and other supernatural acts. Such fantastic events cultivated similar passion among the followers for sharing their stories in later years. Moreover, both men humbly and selflessly served others rather than advertising their abilities for selfish gain or escaping to paradise when given the opportunity. Buddha was known for his â€Å"disinclination to use miraculous powers† except in response to a basic need or dangerous situation, and Jesus used his power onlyShow MoreRelatedBuddhism an d Christianity1411 Words   |  6 PagesIn the early sixth century Christianity was evolving at a rapid pace. The spread of Christianity was not only moving westward through Europe, but it was also moving eastward down the Silk Road. The eastward spread of Christianity was primarily a form of Christianity known as Nestorianism, after the teachings of Nestorius, a fifth century patriarch. By 635 Nestorian Christianity had reached the heart of China spreading through all of Persia and India. 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At the time Constantinople was the greatest city in the Christianity and Islamic world. Constantine legalizes Christianity which people seek salvation, and withdrawal from the comfort of the world. Islam was influenced by Christianity and began with the teachings of Mohammad. Islam was spreading expeditiously. In that event Mohammad experience revelations which his followers recorded then usedRead MoreChristianity vs Buddhism923 Words   |  4 Pagestruths,† said by Muhammad Ali. Religion is the belief and reverence for a supernatural power and powers regarded as creator and governor of the universe (2003). The religions I’ve chose to compare and contrast would be non denomination/ Christianity and Buddhism. Each religion would be broken down by their religious belief, religious ritual, and religious experience. 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Whether it is getting into Heaven in Christianity, achieving the paradise of Jannah in Islam, or Nirvana in Buddhism, these concepts of the afterlife will explained, compared, and contrasted. The first concept of the afterlife that will examined is the Christian version, Heaven. Christianity if one of the world’s most popular religions. As such, the concept of Heaven is widespread knowledge. Christianity is a religion that I am extremelyRead MoreChristianity, Buddhism, And Confucianism872 Words   |  4 Pagesperspective of truth and what is good. Though there are many different thoughts and explanations about how to live, there is some common ground between them. Throughout the year 600 B.C.E. to the year 600 C.E. the ideas of religion such as Christianity, Buddhism, and Confucianism and philosophy like those of Plato, Laozi, and Socrates. From 600 B.C.E. to 600 B.C. religions began to impact the traditions and attitudes in Europe and Asia resulting in multiple different, but yet similar approaches toRead MoreCamparing Christianity and Buddhism2661 Words   |  11 Pageslife is change. The final third and final sign of existence is that of Anatman which literally means no-self or no-soul. This concept is quite different than Christianity view of the individual whom is defined as a permanent being that will ascend to heaven as a distinct immortal soul that identifies our self. Where Buddhism says â€Å"there is no empirical evidence to support the idea of an individual, private, independent soul or self† (â€Å"Ethics across Cultures†, Michael C. Brannigan, pg

African Poetry free essay sample

It is a historical irony that the same language serves the African writer in voicing his thoughts and feelings to the world at large. While discussing the future of English, Simeon Porter observes, It will adopt to meet new needs and in that incessant reshaping and adaptation, every speaker and writer consciously or unconsciously will play some part. (181) Today, the prediction of Porter came true of African writing in English. It brought strength and appeal to the English language by adding a large range of new vocabulary and usage. Writing on the problems faced by the African English writers,  Chinua Achebe  the famous Nigerian writer says, The African writer should aim to use English that brings out his message without altering the language to the extent that its value as a medium of international exchange will be lost. He should aim at fashioning out an English, which is at once unusual and able to carry his peculiar experience. (61) It is applaudable that the writers of Africa succeeded in accomplishing the above task set by Achebe, which is by any means not an easy one. Their successful integration of native experience and expression in an alien tongue received worldwide acclaim. Their success proved, as critics like Srinivasa Iyengar pointed out, A shot in the arm of modern English Literature has had to come from West Africans like Amos Tutuola,  Wole Soyinka  and Gabriel Okara. (16) The role of poetry, in African literature, has been highly effective in providing the people with the needful inspiration and the necessary insight. The language of poetry, for the African people, is a source of learning and becoming aware of their destiny that necessitates the knowledge of their past, present and the possible future. These and several other ideas fuelled African poetry in English. For the African poets, poetry became a powerful medium through which they conveyed to the world audience, not only their despairs and hopes, the enthusiasm and empathy, the thrill of joy and the stab of pain but lso a nations history as it moved from freedom to slavery, from slavery to revolution, from revolution to independence and from independence to tasks of reconstruction which further involve situations of failure and disillusion. (Iyengar, 15) When we read African Literature, we should, by obligation remember that, colonization was at its harshest in Africa. As history stands proof, it was highly exploited and savaged by the ambitious white man. This experience is on the minds of all thinking poets. Despite getting uhuru or in dependence, the bitterness returns again and again. The unforgettable colonial past comes angrily alive in a poem by Kenyas poet Joseph Kareyaku thus, It is not as you suppose, your lands, your cars, your money, or your cities I covet It is what gores me most, that in my own house and in my very own home you should eye me and all thats mine with that practiced, long-drawn, insulting sneer. (quoted in Iyengar, 30) In a poem entitled If you want to know me Noemia De Sousa writes ruefully of Africa, by effectively using the literary device of personification thus: This is what I am mpty sockets despairing of possessing of life a mouth torn open in an anguished wound a body tattooed with wounds seen and unseen from the harsh whipstrokes of slavery tortured and magnificent proud and mysterious Africa from head to foot This is what I am. (Narasimhaiah, 137) The much-brutalized Dark Continent is tellingly depicted in the following lines of a poem named The Shapes of Fear by Richard Ntiru. Like an arrested breath when breathing makes silence imperfect and the ear cannot differentiate between the conspiratorial whispers and the winds singing. .. a twig in the courtyard snaps and report of a gun is understood. (Narasimhaiah, 137) Nigerian poet , the Nobel laureate Wole Soyinkas masterful irony skillfully conceals anger at the racist attitude in his famous poem, Telephone Converstion. After negotiating for a house on rent on telephone, he tells the landlady of his being a black African. He was rudely shocked when he was caught foully by the ladys query regarding his darkness thus: HOW DARK? I had not misheard Are you light OR VERY DARK (Narasimhaiah, 149) The ill- mannered silence between the two is filled with images such as stench of rancid breath of public- hide-and-speak, Red booth, Red- Pillar-box, Red double-tiered Omnibus squelching tar that subsume the age-old and still hopeless and violent colour- conflict. The theme of English superiority glares through David Rubadiris poem A Negro Labourer in Liverpool: Here his hope is the shovel And his fulfillment resignation. (Narasimhaiah, 134) One of the most important phases in African poetry is  Negritude, a powerful literary movement founded by Aime Cesaire of Senegal. Among other things, the Negritude poets favoured the theme of glorification of Africa. They worshipped anything African in scintillating rhymes. Anger at injustice meted out to the colonized Africa is also one of the oft-repeated themes of their poetry. Heres an example from David Diops poem Africa. Africa, my Africa Africa of proud warriors in ancestral savannahs. Is this you, this back that is bent This back that breaks under the weight of humiliation This back trembling with red scars And saying yes to the whip under the midday sun.. That is Africa your Africa That grows again patiently obstinately And its fruit gradually acquires The bitter taste of liberty. (Narasimhaiah, 153) Dennis Brutus, a South African poet, was subjected to torture by a cruel regime. His writing is full of images of love contrasted with images of death thus, Desolate Your face gleams up Beneath me in the dusk Abandoned A wounded dove Helpless Beneath the knife of love. (Quoted in Theroux, 2) Great feeling for Africa is felt in Abioseh Nicols poem The Meaning of Africa thus: Africa, you were once just a name to me So I came back ailing down the Guinea coast . You are not a country Africa, You are a concept I know now that is what you are Africa Happiness, contentment and fulfillment. (Quoted in Povey, 39) A poets affirmation of his love for Africa shines radiantly through the following verses. Dark Africa! My dawn is here; Behold! I see A rich warm glow in the East, And my day will soon be here. (Iyengar, 30) Deification of Africa is a fit topic for many African p oets. Perhaps this is their reaction to the self glorification and the civilizing zeal of the imperial powers of Europe. Bernard Dadies poem attains special significance viewed in that light. He says in a poem entitled I Thank God, I thank you God for creating me black. White is the colour for special occasions Black the colour for every day And I have carried the World since the dawn of time And my laugh over the World, through the night creates The Day. (Narasimhaiah, 122) In Africa, the advent of the white mans civilizing mission displaced scores of native societies from their own cultural roots. The impact of the spread of Christianity combined with material benefits such as classroom education and well-paid jobs forced many Africans abandon their own faith and adapt the religion of the pale-faced aliens. This situation is responsible for the natives to suffer from culture shock. Nevertheless, the native is expected to owe allegiance to his own tribal culture and embrace Christianity for material benefits. This cultural confusion is well articulated by Mabel Segun in a poem thus: Here we stand Infants overblown Poised between two civilizations Finding the balance irksome. (Quoted in Povey, 39) Gabriel Okara expresses the same sentiments in a lyric thus: When at break of day at a riverside I hear jungle drums Then I hear a wailing piano Solo speaking of complex ways. (Quoted in Gleason, 143) However, there are poets like Kofi Awoonor Williams of Ghana whose passion for past is expressed in his rediscovery themes with the help of extended rhythms as in the following lines. Sew the old days for us our fathers that we wear them under our old garments after we have washed ourselves.. ( The Anvil and the Hammer) gain, Sew the old days for me my father Sew them so that I may wear them For the feast that is coming. (Quoted in Theroux, 4) He accomplishes the same excellence of evolving extended rhythms in poems like The Long Journey and My Song. Poetic excellence and rare innovative creative ability are seen in  Christopher Okigbo  poems such as The Stars Have Departed. He says, The stars have departed The sky in a monocle Surveys the world under The stars have departed And I- Where am I? ? Stretch, stretch O antennae, To clutch at this hour, Fulfilling each movement in a Broken monody. (quoted in Walsh, 48) Images that can evoke a situation beyond hope which are reminiscent of Eliots war poetry are visible in the following verses from K. Brews poem The Search. The past is but the cinders Of the present The future The smoke That escaped Into the cloud- bound sky. (quoted in Walsh, 50) Some of the poets have realized the futility of fighting over issues such as race, respect and national identity. What more can be more illuminating than the enlightened poets words such as, You must leave the sifting sands of self- seeking and deceit nd erect far mightier mansions on the rock of healthy soil. (Iyengar, 36) Lenrie Peters poems are short on the print but deep on ones mind like the one cited below Open the gates To East and West Bring in all Thats good and best. The memorable lines of Peters poem On a wet September Morning with their sheer beauty of imagery and the underlying thought of universal brotherhood celebrate the oneness of the human family. To c ite a few verses, The echo burst in me Like a great harmonic chord- Violins of love and happy voices The pagan trumpet blast Swamping the lamentation of the horn Then the heraldic drums In slow crescendo rising Crashed though my senses Into a new present Which is the future. After this brief glance at African poetry, we realize that it is not simply an offshoot of British literary tradition. Despite the many disadvantages such as a scarred past, colonial trauma, expression in a foreign medium, inability to travel abroad, unstable economic and political state of affairs in their respective nations, lack of educational opportunities, the African poet has effortless creative capacity. It is an enriching combination of rich oral literature, native experience and imported tradition of writing in English that made African poetry a tremendous success both at home and abroad. The Black Orpheus (African Poets) is no longer an unknown or an unwanted quantity but a fascinating and often enviable and beneficent literary marvel from what was ignorantly termed as the dark continent.